TedTest

From the Ted Talk by Douglas J. Casa: What happens when you get heat stroke?

Unscramble the Blue Letters

In 1985, 16-year-old doulgas Casa, ran the chaspnhomiip 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State gmeas. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed, got back up and then collapsed again on the final satwiaahrgty, with his body temperature at dangerous lelves. He had suffered an exertional heat srokte. fnautotelry, with immediate and proper treatment, he survived the potentially fatal edsiope and has since helped save 167 people in similar circumstances. From ancient soldiers on the balteietlfd to modern day wrrarois on the gridiron, exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke, has long been a serious concern. And unlike classical heat stroke, which affects vulnerable people such as infants and the elderly during heat waves, exertional heat stroke is caused by itnnsee exercise in the heat, and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training. When you exercise, nearly 80% of the energy you use is tmanrsfored into heat. In normal cmnsauccriets, this is what's known as compensable heat stress. And your body can dissipate the heat as quickly as it's ganeteerd through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with unsnclpmboeae heat srsets, your body is unable to lose enough heat due to overexertion or high temperatures in humidity, which raises your core ttpuemarree beyond normal levels. This causes the proteins and cell membranes to denature, creating cells that no longer function properly and begin to leak their contents. If these leaky cells proliferate through the body, the results can be devastating. Including liver damage, blood clot formation in the kidneys, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and even the failure of vital oragns. So how do you diagnose an eoeanxrtil heat stroke? The main ctroirein is a core body temperature greater than 40 deegres Celsius observed along with physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, low bolod pressure and rapid breathing or signs of central nervous system disfunction such as confused bhivoear, aggression or loss of ccosouesnniss. The most feasible and accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a raectl thermometer as other cmoomn temperature-taking mehtods are not aracctue in these circumstances. As far as treatment goes, the most ipotnamrt thing to remember is cool first, tpornarst second. Because the human body can withstand a core temperature above 40 degrees cuelsis for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in, it's essential to itniitae rapid cooling on site in oerdr to lower it as quickly as possible. After any aethiltc or protective gear has been removed from the victim, place them in an ice weatr tub while stirring the water and monitoring vitals continuously. If this is not possible, dniuosg in ice water and applying wet toelws over the entire body can help. But before you start anything, emergency services should be called. As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive. If medical staff are available on site, cooling should continue until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached. The sun is known for giving life, but it can also take life away if we're not careful, even affecting the strongest among us. As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, "It skteris down its victim with his full armor on. Youth, health and strength oppose no obstacle to its pweor." But although this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, it has been 100% survivable with proper care.

Open Cloze

In 1985, 16-year-old _______ Casa, ran the ____________ 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State _____. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed, got back up and then collapsed again on the final ____________, with his body temperature at dangerous ______. He had suffered an exertional heat ______. ___________, with immediate and proper treatment, he survived the potentially fatal _______ and has since helped save 167 people in similar circumstances. From ancient soldiers on the ___________ to modern day ________ on the gridiron, exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke, has long been a serious concern. And unlike classical heat stroke, which affects vulnerable people such as infants and the elderly during heat waves, exertional heat stroke is caused by _______ exercise in the heat, and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training. When you exercise, nearly 80% of the energy you use is ___________ into heat. In normal _____________, this is what's known as compensable heat stress. And your body can dissipate the heat as quickly as it's _________ through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with _____________ heat ______, your body is unable to lose enough heat due to overexertion or high temperatures in humidity, which raises your core ___________ beyond normal levels. This causes the proteins and cell membranes to denature, creating cells that no longer function properly and begin to leak their contents. If these leaky cells proliferate through the body, the results can be devastating. Including liver damage, blood clot formation in the kidneys, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and even the failure of vital ______. So how do you diagnose an __________ heat stroke? The main _________ is a core body temperature greater than 40 _______ Celsius observed along with physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, low _____ pressure and rapid breathing or signs of central nervous system disfunction such as confused ________, aggression or loss of _____________. The most feasible and accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a ______ thermometer as other ______ temperature-taking _______ are not ________ in these circumstances. As far as treatment goes, the most _________ thing to remember is cool first, _________ second. Because the human body can withstand a core temperature above 40 degrees _______ for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in, it's essential to ________ rapid cooling on site in _____ to lower it as quickly as possible. After any ________ or protective gear has been removed from the victim, place them in an ice _____ tub while stirring the water and monitoring vitals continuously. If this is not possible, _______ in ice water and applying wet ______ over the entire body can help. But before you start anything, emergency services should be called. As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive. If medical staff are available on site, cooling should continue until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached. The sun is known for giving life, but it can also take life away if we're not careful, even affecting the strongest among us. As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, "It _______ down its victim with his full armor on. Youth, health and strength oppose no obstacle to its _____." But although this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, it has been 100% survivable with proper care.

Solution

behavior
transformed
criterion
douglas
exertional
organs
temperature
episode
intense
towels
straightaway
rectal
blood
circumstances
methods
games
initiate
athletic
uncompensable
accurate
battlefield
order
common
fortunately
championship
strikes
water
consciousness
stress
warriors
celsius
important
generated
degrees
stroke
levels
transport
dousing
power

Original Text

In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa, ran the championship 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State Games. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed, got back up and then collapsed again on the final straightaway, with his body temperature at dangerous levels. He had suffered an exertional heat stroke. Fortunately, with immediate and proper treatment, he survived the potentially fatal episode and has since helped save 167 people in similar circumstances. From ancient soldiers on the battlefield to modern day warriors on the gridiron, exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke, has long been a serious concern. And unlike classical heat stroke, which affects vulnerable people such as infants and the elderly during heat waves, exertional heat stroke is caused by intense exercise in the heat, and is one of the top three killers of athletes and soldiers in training. When you exercise, nearly 80% of the energy you use is transformed into heat. In normal circumstances, this is what's known as compensable heat stress. And your body can dissipate the heat as quickly as it's generated through cooling methods like the evaporation of sweat. But with uncompensable heat stress, your body is unable to lose enough heat due to overexertion or high temperatures in humidity, which raises your core temperature beyond normal levels. This causes the proteins and cell membranes to denature, creating cells that no longer function properly and begin to leak their contents. If these leaky cells proliferate through the body, the results can be devastating. Including liver damage, blood clot formation in the kidneys, damage to the gastrointestinal tract and even the failure of vital organs. So how do you diagnose an exertional heat stroke? The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40 degrees Celsius observed along with physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, low blood pressure and rapid breathing or signs of central nervous system disfunction such as confused behavior, aggression or loss of consciousness. The most feasible and accurate way to assess core body temperature is with a rectal thermometer as other common temperature-taking methods are not accurate in these circumstances. As far as treatment goes, the most important thing to remember is cool first, transport second. Because the human body can withstand a core temperature above 40 degrees Celsius for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in, it's essential to initiate rapid cooling on site in order to lower it as quickly as possible. After any athletic or protective gear has been removed from the victim, place them in an ice water tub while stirring the water and monitoring vitals continuously. If this is not possible, dousing in ice water and applying wet towels over the entire body can help. But before you start anything, emergency services should be called. As you wait, it's important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive. If medical staff are available on site, cooling should continue until a core temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached. The sun is known for giving life, but it can also take life away if we're not careful, even affecting the strongest among us. As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, "It strikes down its victim with his full armor on. Youth, health and strength oppose no obstacle to its power." But although this condition is one of the top three leading causes of death in sports, it has been 100% survivable with proper care.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation	frequency
exertional heat	5
body temperature	3
heat stroke	3
core temperature	3
degrees celsius	3
core body	2
ice water	2

ngrams of length 3

collocation	frequency
exertional heat stroke	3
core body temperature	2

Important Words

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